In: Computers, Cryptocurrency.

Ξ Ethereum

Ethereum is the community-run technology powering the cryptocurrency ether (ETH) and thousands of decentralized applications.

Prices

• https://coinlib.io/coin/ETH/Ethereum
• https://coinranking.com/coin/razxDUgYGNAdQ+ethereum-eth
• https://coinstats.app/coins/ethereum
• https://cryptocompare.com/coins/eth/overview/BTC
• https://decrypt.co/price/ethereum
• https://messari.io/asset/ethereum
• https://nomics.com/assets/eth-ethereum

Ethereum L2 scaling

Good Ethereum gas estimation:
https://etherscan.io/gastracker
https://blocknative.com/gas-estimator

Arbitrum

Arbitrum has Ethereum's full security
dApps need to be deployed on Arbitrum
Gas cost can be reduced by 50x … 300x

Links:

• https://arbitrum.io
• https://developer.offchainlabs.com
• https://github.com/OffchainLabs/arbitrum
• https://alchemy.com/layer2/arbitrum – Alchemy supports Arbitrum

Aztec

Scalable privacy on Ethereum Layer 2 for the internet of money
Gas cost can be reduced by 10x … 200x

Private transactions computed in seconds, rollup services save gas and settle in minutes
Fund and manage DeFi positions anonymously, trade inside the Aztec privacy shield
Program private money - escrow, money streaming, micropayments

Links:

• https://aztec.network
• https://twitter.com/aztecnetwork
• https://plonk.cafe

Celer

Celer Network is a layer-2 scaling platform that brings fast, secure and low-cost blockchain applications on Ethereum, Polkadot and other blockchains.
You need to transfer assets from your L1 wallet to L2 in order to start the gas-free DeFi experience.

• Layer2.Finance - 100x lower cost for DeFi (Curve, AAVE, Compound)
• cBridge - multi-chain cross-layer asset bridge, instant transfer, zero trust

Links

• https://celer.network
• https://github.com/celer-network
• https://twitter.com/CelerNetwork

Optimism

Gas cost can be reduced by 10x … 100x

Links:

• https://optimism.io
• https://gateway.optimism.io
• https://twitter.com/optimismPBC
• https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/optimism-tutorial
• https://alchemy.com/layer2/optimism – Alchemy supports Optimism

zkSync

Rely on math, not validators
Scaling and privacy engine for Ethereum
zkSync is Ethereum's most user-centric ZK rollup
Low gas transfers of ETH and ERC20 tokens in the Ethereum network, atomic swaps & limit orders, native L2 NFT support

zkSync balances live in a separate space called Layer-2. You won't see them on etherscan.io or in your Ethereum wallet, only in zkSync wallet and block explorer.
You can move your balances from L1 into zkSync by making a Deposit; To move them back from zkSync to L1 you can make a Withdraw;
Smart contracts in Solidity not supported YET; Smart contracts written in Zinc instead;

Links:

• https://zksync.io
• https://zkscan.io
• https://wallet.zksync.io
• https://withdraw.zksync.io
• https://twitter.com/zksync
• https://github.com/matter-labs/zksync

Ethereum compatible (side)chains

Helping users connect to EVM powered networks. Chainlist is a list of EVM networks.
Users can use the information to connect their wallets and Web3 middleware providers to the appropriate Chain ID and Network ID to connect to the correct chain:
https://chainlist.org

Avalanche/AVAX

Programmable platform for DeFi applications
The Primary Network contains 3 blockchains:

• Platform Chain (P-Chain)

• Contract Chain (C-Chain)

• Exchange Chain (X-Chain)

• confirm transactions instantly and process thousands of transactions per second

• uses Proof-of-Stake

• EVM Compatible? uses Avalanche Virtual Machine (AVM)

• native token: AVAX

• https://avax.network

• https://bridge.avax.network - bridge from Ethereum to Avalanche

Binance Smart Chain (BSC)

• EVM Compatible

• proof of stake authority

• Cross-Chain Transfer

• block time ~3 seconds

• native token: BNB

• https://binance.org/en/smartChain

• https://coincentral.com/binance-smart-chain-guide

Celo

Mobile-first platform that makes financial dApps and crypto payments accessible to anyone with a mobile phone
Send, spend, and earn crypto from the mobile phone
Build dApps and assets that move across chains, carriers, and countries
Use crypto like everyday money
Proof-of-stake, EVM-compatible, open source

• https://celo.org

Fantom

• Transactions on Fantom are finalized in a second and cost a fraction of a cent

• validator nodes form a global, trustless, and leaderless Proof-of-Stake network

• can process thousands of transactions per seconds and scale to thousands of nodes

• EVM compatible. Deploy and run your Ethereum dApps on Fantom

• money transfers take around 1 second and cost about $0.0000001

• native token: FMT

• https://fantom.foundation

• https://fantom.foundation/ftm-token

Nerve/Heco

• heterogeneous cross-chain

• not EVM compatible by default

• implements interactions w various blockchains: BTC, ETH, BNB

• https://nerve.network/

• http://docs.nerve.network/Guide/c_eth_to_hecochain.html

Polygon

• https://polygon.technology/get-started
• https://awesomepolygon.com
• https://wallet.matic.network
• https://docs.polyroll.org/help/move-assets-to-polygon
• https://alchemy.com/layer2/polygon – Alchemy supports Polygon

Solana

• Solana can process 50k transactions per second

• Proof of History and several other innovations to allow the network to scale

• low cost transactions

• https://solana.com

• https://solana.com/wormhole – bridge to Ethereum

• https://solana.com/ecosystem

xDai chain

xDai chain is a stable payments EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) blockchain designed for fast and inexpensive transactions
xDai is an EVM chain, and smart contracts can be written and deployed in exactly the same way simply by setting a different RPC endpoint
The chain uses a unique dual-token model:

• xDai is a stable token used for transactions, payments, and fees
• STAKE is a governance token used to support the underlying POSDAO Proof-of-Stake consensus

Dai is different than xDai.
There are bridges to transfer any existing ERC20 between: xDai, Ethereum and BSC.

• https://xdaichain.com/about-xdai/features
• https://xdaichain.com/for-users/getting-started-with-xdai
• https://xdaichain.com/for-users/bridges
• https://xdai.world

Articles

Ethereum 101

https://coindesk.com/learn/ethereum-101/who-created-ethereum

Ethereum tokens

https://blockgeeks.com/guides/ethereum-token

Vapor no more: Ethereum has launched

By Jon Evans@rezendi, August 1, 2015
https://techcrunch.com/2015/08/01/vapor-no-more-ethereum-has-launched

The problem with Ethereum

By Tomer Strolight, Aug 7, 2021
From the perspective of a Bitcoin maximalist, kind of salty
https://tomerstrolight.medium.com/the-problem-with-ethereum-af9692f4af95

Official docs about gas and fees

https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/gas

An incomplete guide to Rollups

https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/01/05/rollup.html

Refs

• https://ethereum.org
• https://github.com/ethereum