In: computers, cryptocurrency.
Ξ Ethereum
Ethereum is the community-run technology powering the cryptocurrency ether (ETH) and thousands of decentralized applications.
Prices
Ethereum L2 scaling
tl;dr; it’s not completely ready for users yet.
Good Ethereum gas estimation:
https://etherscan.io/gastracker
https://blocknative.com/gas-estimator
Arbitrum
Arbitrum has Ethereum’s full security
dApps need to be deployed on Arbitrum
Gas cost can be reduced by 50x … 300x
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Send your transaction to an aggregator
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Aggregator posts transaction batch to Ethereum
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Validators process your batch and post an assertion
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Everyone checks the assertion; fraud proof if it’s wrong
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Assertion is confirmed
Links:
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https://alchemy.com/layer2/arbitrum – Alchemy supports Arbitrum
Aztec
Scalable privacy on Ethereum Layer 2 for the internet of money
Gas cost can be reduced by 10x … 200x
Private transactions computed in seconds, rollup services save gas and settle in minutes
Fund and manage DeFi positions anonymously, trade inside the Aztec privacy shield
Program private money - escrow, money streaming, micropayments
Links:
Celer
Celer Network is a layer-2 scaling platform that brings fast, secure and low-cost blockchain applications on Ethereum, Polkadot and other blockchains.
You need to transfer assets from your L1 wallet to L2 in order to start the gas-free DeFi experience.
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Layer2.Finance - 100x lower cost for DeFi (Curve, AAVE, Compound)
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cBridge - multi-chain cross-layer asset bridge, instant transfer, zero trust
Links
Optimism
Gas cost can be reduced by 10x … 100x
Links:
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https://alchemy.com/layer2/optimism – Alchemy supports Optimism
zkSync
Rely on math, not validators
Scaling and privacy engine for Ethereum
zkSync is Ethereum’s most user-centric ZK rollup
Low gas transfers of ETH and ERC20 tokens in the Ethereum network, atomic swaps & limit orders, native L2 NFT support
zkSync balances live in a separate space called Layer-2. You won’t see them on etherscan.io or in your Ethereum wallet, only in zkSync wallet and block explorer.
You can move your balances from L1 into zkSync by making a Deposit; To move them back from zkSync to L1 you can make a Withdraw;
Smart contracts in Solidity not supported YET; Smart contracts written in Zinc instead;
Links:
Ethereum compatible (side)chains
Helping users connect to EVM powered networks. Chainlist is a list of EVM networks.
Users can use the information to connect their wallets and Web3 middleware providers to the appropriate Chain ID and Network ID to connect to the correct chain:
https://chainlist.org
Avalanche/AVAX
Programmable platform for DeFi applications
The Primary Network contains 3 blockchains:
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Platform Chain (P-Chain)
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Contract Chain (C-Chain)
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Exchange Chain (X-Chain)
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confirm transactions instantly and process thousands of transactions per second
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uses Proof-of-Stake
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EVM Compatible? uses Avalanche Virtual Machine (AVM)
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native token: AVAX
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https://bridge.avax.network - bridge from Ethereum to Avalanche
Binance Smart Chain (BSC)
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EVM Compatible
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proof of stake authority
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Cross-Chain Transfer
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block time ~3 seconds
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native token: BNB
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https://docs.spookyswap.finance/links/bridge-from-bsc-to-ftm - from BSC to FTM
Celo
Mobile-first platform that makes financial dApps and crypto payments accessible to anyone with a mobile phone
Send, spend, and earn crypto from the mobile phone
Build dApps and assets that move across chains, carriers, and countries
Use crypto like everyday money
Proof-of-stake, EVM-compatible, open source
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https://cointelegraph.com/news/celo-taps-chorus-one-to-build-a-bridge-with-cosmos-paving-the-way-for-others – NO bridge yet…
Fantom
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Transactions on Fantom are finalized in a second and cost a fraction of a cent
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validator nodes form a global, trustless, and leaderless Proof-of-Stake network
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can process thousands of transactions per seconds and scale to thousands of nodes
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EVM compatible. Deploy and run your Ethereum dApps on Fantom
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money transfers take around 1 second and cost about $0.0000001
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native token: FMT
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https://docs.spookyswap.finance/links/bridge-to-fantom-opera - from ETH to FTM
Nerve/Heco
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heterogeneous cross-chain
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not EVM compatible by default
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implements interactions w various blockchains: BTC, ETH, BNB
Polygon
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https://alchemy.com/layer2/polygon – Alchemy supports Polygon
Solana
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Solana can process 50k transactions per second
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Proof of History and several other innovations to allow the network to scale
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low cost transactions
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https://solana.com/wormhole – bridge to Ethereum
xDai chain
xDai chain is a stable payments EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) blockchain designed for fast and inexpensive transactions
xDai is an EVM chain, and smart contracts can be written and deployed in exactly the same way simply by setting a different RPC endpoint
The chain uses a unique dual-token model:
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xDai is a stable token used for transactions, payments, and fees
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STAKE is a governance token used to support the underlying POSDAO Proof-of-Stake consensus
Dai is different than xDai.
There are bridges to transfer any existing ERC20 between: xDai, Ethereum and BSC.
Articles
Ethereum 101
https://coindesk.com/learn/ethereum-101/who-created-ethereum
Ethereum tokens
https://blockgeeks.com/guides/ethereum-token
24 reasons why Ethereum is extremely undervalued, 7 July 2021
https://reddit.com/r/ethereum/comments/ofhj9j/megathread_24_reasons_ethereum_is_extremely/
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Smart contracts
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Stablecoins
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DeFi
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dApps
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Developers attention
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Insurance industry
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Interchain interoperability
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NFTs unique tokens
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Metaverse virtual reality
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Digital land
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DAOs
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Synthetic tokens
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Lending & borrowing
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Triple halving
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EIP-1559
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POS Proof of stake
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Layer two scaling
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Platform agnostic
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Creator economy by tokenizing intellectual property and content
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Universal Market Access
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Massive adoption
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Gaming currency or collectibles
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ETH 2.0
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World supercomputer
Vapor no more: Ethereum has launched
By Jon Evans@rezendi, August 1, 2015
https://techcrunch.com/2015/08/01/vapor-no-more-ethereum-has-launched
The problem with Ethereum
By Tomer Strolight, Aug 7, 2021
From the perspective of a Bitcoin maximalist, kind of salty
https://tomerstrolight.medium.com/the-problem-with-ethereum-af9692f4af95
Official docs about gas and fees
https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/gas
An incomplete guide to Rollups
https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/01/05/rollup.html